Disease
Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 & Type 2)
Overview of Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a chronic medical condition that affects the way your body processes blood sugar (glucose). It can lead to various health complications if not managed properly. There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2, both of which involve issues with insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels.
Types of Diabetes Mellitus
- Type 1 Diabetes: This type is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It typically develops in childhood or adolescence.
- Type 2 Diabetes: This is more common and occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or when the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin. It is often associated with lifestyle factors like poor diet and lack of exercise.
Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes Symptoms: Increased thirst, frequent urination, extreme fatigue, blurred vision, unexplained weight loss and frequent infections.
Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms: Increased thirst, frequent urination, slow-healing sores, numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, fatigue and blurred vision.
Causes of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes: The exact cause is unknown but it is thought to involve genetic and environmental factors that trigger the immune system to attack the pancreas.
Type 2 Diabetes: A combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet and aging contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes.
Complications in Diabetes Mellitus
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Kidney damage
- Nerve damage
- Eye damage
- Foot damage (in extreme cases, amputations)
Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes: Family history, autoimmune diseases and genetic predisposition.
Type 2 Diabetes: Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, age, family history, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels.
Preventions of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes: Currently there are no known ways to prevent Type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes: Healthy lifestyle choices like maintaining a balanced diet, regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can help prevent Type 2 diabetes.
Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
- Blood Glucose Test: To check fasting blood sugar levels.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: To measure how the body processes sugar.
- HbA1c Test: Measures average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months.
Treatments of Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin therapy is essential. This may include multiple daily injections or insulin pumps. Regular blood glucose monitoring is also crucial.
Type 2 Diabetes: Managed through lifestyle changes, oral medications and in some cases, insulin therapy. Medications like metformin and newer drugs help control blood sugar levels.
Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus
- Effective Management: With proper treatment and lifestyle changes, individuals with diabetes can lead healthy and active lives.
- Prevention of Complications: Consistent monitoring of blood sugar levels, a balanced diet and regular exercise help prevent serious complications like heart disease, kidney problems and nerve damage.
- Personalised Care: Each patient’s treatment plan is tailored to their specific needs ensuring optimal health outcomes.
- Ongoing Support: Regular consultations with healthcare providers can keep you on track, ensuring better long-term health and well being.
- Empowerment: Managing diabetes successfully allows patients to take control of their health, reducing risks and improving overall quality of life.
Care at MyhealthMydoctor
Personalised Treatment Plans
- Personalised Treatment Plans: We focus on creating a customized care plan that suits your unique health needs and goals.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Management: From medication guidance to lifestyle changes we support you every step of the way in managing diabetes effectively.
- Expert Medical Team: Our team of skilled doctors and healthcare professionals is dedicated to providing top notch care and support.
- Patient Centered Approach: We listen to your concerns and ensure you feel confident and informed about your treatment options.
- Ongoing Monitoring and Support: Regular check ups and continuous care to help you manage your diabetes long term ensuring better health outcomes.
Some Important Questions Patients Should Ask Their Doctor During a Consultation
- What type of diabetes do I have, and how does it impact my health?
- What should my target blood sugar levels be, and how can I achieve them?
- What treatment options are available, and which one is best for me?
- How often should I monitor my blood sugar, and what’s the best method?
- What lifestyle changes can I make to improve my diabetes management?
- Are there any complications I should be aware of and how can I prevent them?
- How can I better manage my medication, and are there any new treatments I should consider?
- How can I stay motivated and consistent with my diabetes care plan?
What Patients Expect from Doctors During Consultation?
- Clear Understanding: Patients expect doctors to explain their condition in simple, easy to understand terms.
- Personalised Advice: Tailored recommendations based on their unique health situation, lifestyle and preferences.
- Active Listening: Doctors should listen attentively to their concerns and answer questions with empathy and patience.
- Actionable Plans: Clear steps and guidance on managing their condition, including diet, exercise and medication.
- Support and Encouragement: Patients want to feel empowered and motivated to take control of their health.
- Follow up and Continuity: Assurance that they will receive ongoing support and regular check ups to monitor progress.