Disease
Gallstones
Overview of Gallstones
Gallstones are hardened deposits that form inside the gallbladder, it is a small organ beneath the liver that stores bile. When the chemical balance
in bile is disrupted, stones begin to form which can block the bile ducts and trigger sharp abdominal pain, commonly known as a gallbladder attack. This condition is referred to medically as cholelithiasis. While some people with gallstones may experience no symptoms, others may suffer from intense discomfort and serious complications if not treated on time.
Types of Gallstones
- Cholesterol gallstones: Most common type formed due to excess cholesterol in bile.
- Pigment gallstones: Made of bilirubin usually seen in people with liver conditions.
- Mixed gallstones: Contain both cholesterol and pigment substances.
Symptoms of Gallstones
- Sudden, intense gallbladder pain in the upper right abdomen or back.
- Discomfort that worsens after fatty or heavy meals.
- Nausea, vomiting, or feeling bloated after eating.
- Pain lasting from minutes to hours often described as a gallbladder attack.
- Fever and chills in case of cholecystitis or infection.
- Women may notice sharper or more frequent gallstones symptoms than men.
- Recurring indigestion or belching which could be signs of gallbladder issues.
Causes of Gallstones
- Excess cholesterol in bile leading to stone formation.
- Poor gallbladder function, preventing proper emptying.
- High bilirubin levels due to liver disease or infections.
- Rapid weight loss, prolonged fasting, or crash diets.
- Genetic factors that increase your risk of gallstone disease.
- Long-term use of certain medications like birth control pills.
Complications in Gallstones
- Inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis).
- Obstruction of the bile duct, causing infection or jaundice.
- Severe pain due to recurring gallstone attacks.
- Pancreatitis caused by blocked pancreatic duct.
- Gallbladder rupture or abscess formation.
- Risk of gallbladder cancer in rare chronic cases.
Risk Factors of Gallstones
- Being female, especially over the age of 40.
- Family history of gallstones or gallbladder disease.
- Obesity or being overweight.
- Diabetes or insulin resistance.
- Eating a high-fat and low-fiber diet.
- Pregnancy or use of hormone therapy.
- Liver disease or blood disorders.
Preventions of Gallstones
- Maintain a balanced and fiber-rich diet to improve digestion.
- Avoid skipping meals and follow regular eating patterns.
- Exercise regularly to manage weight and reduce fat buildup.
- Lose weight gradually rather than through extreme diets.
- Stay hydrated to support healthy bile production.
- Limit intake of saturated fats and cholesterol-rich foods.
Diagnosis of Gallstones
- Ultrasound scan, it is the most reliable tool to detect gallstones.
- CT or MRI scans for detailed abdominal imaging.
- Blood tests to check for infection, liver or pancreas function.
- HIDA scan to evaluate gallbladder function and bile flow.
- Endoscopic procedures when bile duct blockage is suspected.
Treatments of Gallstones
- Watchful waiting for symptomless gallstones.
- Medications to dissolve stones (only in selected cases).
- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy which is the most common surgery to remove the gallbladder.
- Open surgery in complicated or emergency cases.
- ERCP procedure for removing stones from the bile ducts without surgery.
- Post surgical care focuses on dietary adjustments and monitoring digestion.
Prognosis of Gallstones
- Most patients recover fully after gallbladder removal with no long-term effects.
- Digestion remains normal, though fatty meals may need to be limited.
- Without treatment, complications may worsen and impact liver or pancreas health.
- Early diagnosis and prompt care lead to excellent recovery rates.
Care at MyhealthMydoctor
- Expert consultation to identify gallbladder stones symptoms and related concerns.
- Comprehensive diagnosis using advanced imaging and lab tests.
- Personalised care plans based on your symptoms and risk profile.
- Access to top surgeons for minimally invasive gallbladder surgeries.
- Affordable treatment packages for international patients.
- Full support with travel, accommodation and follow-up after treatment.
Some Important Questions Patients Should Ask Their Doctor During a Consultation
- What causes gallbladder stones and can they go away on their own?
- How do I know if my pain is from gallstones or another issue?
- Are all gallstones dangerous, or only the symptomatic ones?
- Is surgery the only option for gallbladder issues?
- What kind of diet should I follow if I have gallstones?
- How long does recovery take after gallbladder surgery?
- Can gallstones come back after gallbladder removal?
What Patients Expect from Doctors During Consultation?
- A clear explanation of where is your gallbladder and how it functions.
- A step by step guide on how gallstone pain feels and how to manage it.
- Honest advice on whether to wait, medicate or opt for surgery.
- Insight into the risks of untreated gallstones and possible complications.
- Support in choosing a treatment plan that suits your lifestyle and health.