Disease
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

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Overview of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition that affects the large intestine. It causes abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and altered bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation. Though IBS is uncomfortable, it does not cause permanent damage to the colon or increase the risk of more serious conditions. If you are wondering what is IBS, it is a functional bowel disorder where the gut-brain interaction becomes disrupted.

Types of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS is classified into four main types based on stool consistency:

  • IBS with constipation (IBS-C): Hard or lumpy stools most of the time.
  • IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D): Loose or watery stools most of the time.
  • Mixed IBS (IBS-M): Alternating between constipation and diarrhea.
  • Unsubtyped IBS (IBS-U): Does not fit into the above categories clearly.

Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS symptoms vary from person to person, such as:

  • Abdominal cramping or pain
  • Bloating and gas
  • Changes in stool consistency (IBS stool may be hard, loose, or watery)
  • IBS constipation or IBS diarrhea
  • Feeling of incomplete bowel movement
  • Mucus in stool

Symptoms of IBS in women may worsen during menstruation, while IBS symptoms in men may be milder but still persistent.

Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

The exact causes of IBS are unclear, but several factors may contribute:

  • Abnormal gut contractions
  • Increased gut sensitivity
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Infections (post-infectious IBS)
  • Changes in gut microbiota
  • Food intolerances

Complications in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Although IBS does not cause serious damage, it can lead to:

  • Poor quality of life
  • Missed work or school days
  • Emotional stress, anxiety or depression
  • Nutritional deficiencies in restrictive diets

Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

You are more likely to develop irritable bowel syndrome if you:

  • Are under the age of 50
  • Are female (IBS symptoms female tend to be more common)
  • Have a family history of IBS
  • Suffer from mental health conditions like anxiety or depression

Preventions of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

While there is no sure way to prevent IBS, you can reduce the frequency and intensity of symptoms by:

  • Managing stress effectively
  • Avoiding trigger foods (like caffeine, fatty foods and dairy)
  • Eating a fiber-rich diet
  • Drinking plenty of water
  • Exercising regularly

Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

There is no specific test for IBS, but doctors may use:

  • Medical history and physical exam
  • Rome IV criteria (to assess bowel syndrome symptoms)
  • Exclusion of other conditions through blood, stool or colonoscopy tests

Treatments of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS treatment aims to relieve symptoms. Options include:

  • IBS medication like antispasmodics, laxatives or anti-diarrheals
  • Dietary changes (Low-FODMAP diet)
  • Probiotics
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy for stress management
  • Lifestyle modifications

Prognosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

  • IBS is not life-threatening and does not cause permanent damage to the intestines.
  • Most people can manage symptoms effectively with the right treatment and lifestyle changes.
  • Symptoms may come and go but many learn to control flare-ups by identifying their triggers.
  • Diet, stress management, and regular routines play a major role in long-term symptom relief.
  • With personalized care, patients can lead a normal, productive and fulfilling life.
  • Emotional well-being and mental health support are essential parts of recovery.
  • Ongoing follow-up and support improve outcomes and help patients feel in control.

Care at MyhealthMydoctor

At MyhealthMydoctor we understand the complexity of managing IBS. Our experts provide:

  • Thorough evaluation of your IBS symptoms
  • Personalised diet and medication plans
  • Psychological support when needed
  • International patient care with access to top gastroenterologists

Some Important Questions Patients Should Ask Their Doctor During a Consultation

  • What is IBS and how is it different from other digestive issues?
  • What foods should I avoid?
  • Is IBS curable or only manageable?
  • Could my symptoms indicate something more serious?
  • How can I reduce stress-related flares?

What Patients Expect from Doctors During Consultation?

  • A listening ear to understand your unique IBS symptoms
  • A customised plan tailored to your symptoms (for example IBS symptoms, IBS diarrhea or IBS constipation)
  • Clear explanations about tests and treatments
  • Guidance on lifestyle and emotional support
  • Regular follow-up to monitor progress

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