Treatment

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE)

Overview

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is a non-surgical treatment used to shrink fibroids (non-cancerous growths) in the uterus. This procedure works by blocking the blood supply to the fibroids through the uterine arteries, causing them to shrink and eventually die. It’s also known as Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) and is performed by a radiologist using imaging guidance. UAE offers an alternative to traditional fibroid surgery for women who want to avoid hysterectomy or preserve their uterus.

Why Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is Required?

• When fibroids cause heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, or pressure symptoms.
• If you are looking for a non-surgical alternative to hysterectomy or myomectomy.
• To treat urinary fibroid embolization symptoms like frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder.
• When fibroids affect your quality of life or fertility planning.
• For managing multiple or large fibroids without open surgery.
• As a safer option for women who are not fit for surgery.
• To reduce symptoms while preserving the uterus.

Key Advantages of Uterine Artery Embolization Treatment

• Minimally invasive, no major incisions or stitches required.
• Short recovery time, return to daily activities faster than with surgery.
• Preserves the uterus, which may be important for fertility or emotional reasons.
• Effective in shrinking fibroids and relieving symptoms.
• Lower risk of complications compared to major surgery.
• Can be performed as a day-care or short hospital stay procedure.
• Helps reduce heavy bleeding and improves quality of life.
• Avoids hormonal medications in many cases.
• Cost-effective compared to surgical fibroid removal.

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before UAE Treatment

• Discuss your full medical history with your doctor, including current medications.
• Stop taking blood thinners, if advised by your physician.
• Have all recommended imaging tests done (like ultrasound or MRI).
• Do not eat or drink for several hours before the procedure (follow hospital instructions).
• Arrange for someone to accompany you on the day of the procedure.
• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy.
• Ask your doctor about post-procedure recovery time and home care.

How Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) Treatment is Performed?

• The procedure is done by an interventional radiologist using local anesthesia.
• A small catheter is inserted through a tiny cut in your groin or wrist into the arterial system.
• Using imaging guidance, the catheter is guided to the uterine arteries.
• A special embolizante (tiny particles) is injected to block blood flow to the fibroids.
• This process is repeated for both uterine arteries.
• Once the blood supply is cut off, the fibroids shrink over time.
• The procedure usually takes 60 to 90 minutes.

What You Can Expect Before, During and After Procedure?

• Before Procedure:
• Medical history review and imaging tests.
• Fasting instructions provided.
• Admission to hospital (usually same day).
• During Procedure:
• Performed under local anesthesia with sedation.
• Catheter insertion and embolization under imaging.
• Minimal pain but some pressure may be felt.
• After Procedure:
• You may stay in hospital for a day.
• Mild cramping, pain, or fever is common and managed with medications.
• Rest is needed for a few days.
• Fibroid shrinkage and symptom relief begin within weeks.

Risk and Potential Complications

• Post-embolization syndrome (pain, fever, nausea) – temporary and treatable.
• Infection or allergic reaction to contrast dye.
• Risk of damage to uterine vessels or nearby organs (rare).
• Temporary or permanent changes in menstrual cycle.
• Rare risk of early menopause, especially in women over 45.
• Incomplete treatment in some cases requiring repeat UAE or surgery.
• Pain or discharge lasting longer than expected (requires follow-up).

Results/Outcomes

• Significant reduction in fibroid size within 3–6 months.
• Relief from heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure symptoms.
• High patient satisfaction rate.
• Most women return to normal life within a week.
• Low recurrence rate when fibroids are fully treated.
• Uterus is preserved, and pregnancy is still possible in some cases.