Treatment

Arthroscopy

Overview

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems. It involves the use of an arthroscope, a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light allowing doctors to view the inside of a joint. This method is commonly used for diagnosing and treating issues in the knee, shoulder, hip and ankle. Arthroscopic surgery offers a faster recovery time and less pain compared to traditional open surgery.

Why Arthroscopy is Required?

Common reasons for undergoing arthroscopic surgery include:

• Diagnosing unexplained joint pain or swelling.
• Treating ligament tears, such as ACL injuries.
• Repairing cartilage damage in the knee, shoulder, or hip.
• Removing loose bone fragments or inflamed tissue.
• Treating joint conditions like arthritis or frozen shoulder.

Key Advantages of Arthroscopy

• Minimally invasive: Smaller incisions compared to open surgery.
• Faster recovery: Shorter healing time allows patients to return to normal activities quicker.
• Reduced pain: Less postoperative discomfort.
• Precise diagnosis and treatment: Allows doctors to directly view the joint.
• Lower risk: Reduced risk of complications like infections.

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before Arthroscopy Treatment?

• Consultation: Discuss your medical history, current medications and any allergies with your doctor.
• Pre-procedure instructions: Follow guidelines such as fasting for a few hours before the procedure.
• Stop certain medications: Your doctor may ask you to stop blood-thinning medications temporarily.
• Arrange for assistance: Have someone drive you home after the procedure.

How Arthroscopy is Performed?

1. Preparation: The area around the joint is sterilised, and anesthesia is administered (local, regional, or general).

2. Procedure:

• A small incision is made near the joint.
• An arthroscope is inserted to provide a clear view of the joint.
• Specialised instruments are used to repair or remove damaged tissue.

3. Closure: The incisions are stitched or bandaged and the joint is wrapped to reduce swelling.

What You Can Expect:

1. Before Procedure:

• Routine tests like blood work or imaging (MRI, X-ray) might be done.
• The doctor will explain the procedure and possible risks.

2. During Procedure:

• The surgery typically lasts 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the complexity.
• You may feel slight pressure but no pain due to anesthesia.

3. After Procedure:

• You will rest in the recovery room for a few hours.
• Mild swelling or soreness is normal.
• Follow post-operative care instructions provided by your doctor.

Risks and Potential Complications

Although arthroscopy is generally safe, there are potential risks, including:

• Infection at the incision site.
• Bleeding or blood clots.
• Stiffness or swelling in the joint.
• Temporary nerve or blood vessel damage.
• Allergic reaction to anesthesia.

Results/Outcomes

Most patients experience significant pain relief and improved joint function after arthroscopy surgery. Recovery times vary depending on the joint treated and the extent of the procedure. For example:

• Knee arthroscopy: Recovery may take 4 to 6 weeks.
• Shoulder or hip arthroscopy: Recovery might take a few months.

Physical therapy is often recommended to restore strength and mobility.